Both EPA and the Energy Information Administration collect greenhouse gas data.
EPA tracks U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and their sources through two complementary programs: the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (the Inventory), and the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP). They collect data on all greenhouse gases: CO2, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, and Fluorinated GHGs.
The Inventory data are calculated by EPA, include all emissions sources and forestry sinks, which reflect 100% of total U.S. emissions, and are parsed nationally by sector.
GHGRP data are reported by over 8,000 facilities. They include only large emitters (>25,000 MTCO2e/Year), which reflect 85-90% of total U.S. emissions. Data are parsed at the national, state, local, sector, and facility-specific level.
On September 16, 2025, EPA proposed a rule to end the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program. The docket number on Regulations.gov. is EPA-HQ-OAR-2025-0186. They are accepting comments on the proposed rule until November 3, 2025.
EIA's greenhouse data include ONLY carbon dioxide emissions from energy and industry, by consuming sector (residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, electric power), and other emissions.
About the data
The Facility Level Information on Greenhouse Gases Tool (FLIGHT) gives you access to greenhouse gas data reported to EPA by large emitters, facilities that inject CO2 underground, and suppliers of products that result in GHG emissions when used in the United States. FLIGHT allows you to view data in several formats including maps, tables, charts and graphs for individual facilities or groups of facilities. You can search the data set for individual facilities by name or location or filter the data set by state or county, fuel type, industry sectors and sub-sectors, annual facility emission thresholds, and greenhouse gas type. You can also compare emission trends over time and download data generated as a product of your analyses.
Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program Data is also available through Envirofacts.
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Reports using GHGRP data
For reporting year (RY) 2015, over 8,000 facilities and suppliers reported to the greenhouse gas reporting program. Among these reporters,
The reports below provide summaries of the data as a whole and for particular industrial sectors.
This annual report provides a comprehensive accounting of total greenhouse gas emissions for all man-made sources in the United States. The gases covered by the Inventory include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, sulfur hexafluoride, and nitrogen trifluoride. The Inventory also calculates carbon dioxide emissions that are removed from the atmosphere by “sinks,” e.g., through the uptake of carbon and storage in forests, vegetation, and soils.
Find environmental data on carbon dioxide emissions from energy and industry, by consuming sector (residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, electric power), and other emissions.
Emissions factors are tools for building emissions inventories, guiding air quality management decisions and developing emissions control strategies. An emissions factor is a representative value that attempts to relate the quantity of a pollutant released to the atmosphere with an activity associated with the release of that pollutant. These factors are usually expressed as the weight of pollutant divided by a unit weight, volume, distance, or duration of the activity emitting the pollutant (e.g., kilograms of particulate emitted per megagram of coal burned). Such factors facilitate estimation of emissions from various sources of air pollution. In most cases, these factors are simply averages of all available data of acceptable quality, and are generally assumed to be representative of long-term averages for all facilities in the source category (i.e., a population average).
The general equation for emissions estimation is:
E = A x EF x (1-ER/100)
where: