In the data synthesis section, you present the main findings of your evidence synthesis. As a summary of existing research evidence, there are a number of ways in which you can synthesize results from your included studies.

For homogenous data from multiple studies, you can report collective findings. For more disparate studies, you can report key or thematic findings.

For both qualitative or quantitative information, reporting out using the PRISMA flow diagram is enclouraged. PRISMA provides templates for many kinds of evidence syntheses.

Data extraction is the process used to extract characteristics and findings from studies. A spreadsheet is typically used to track data but there are many tools that include data extraction.

Data elements are informed by the research question and inclusive reviews and may include:

• Article citations
• Funding sources
• Study participants
  • Demographics
  • Comorbidities
  • Socio-economic status
  • Recruitment
• Setting
• Intervention
• Outcomes
• Results

• EPPI http://eppi.ioe.ac.uk/cms/Default.aspx?tabid=184
• Qualtrics  https://www.qualtrics.com/free-account/
• Google Forms  https://www.google.com/forms/about/
• SRDR  https://srdr.ahrq.gov/

• Forest Plot Generator (from Evidence Partners): https://www.evidencepartners.com/resources/forest-plot-generator/
• Metafor: http://www.metafor-project.org/doku.php

• Performance and Usability of Machine Learning for Screening in Systematic Reviews: a comparative evaluation of three tools

  We explored the performance of three tools when used to: (a) eliminate irrelevant records (Automated Simulation) and (b) complement the work of a single reviewer (Semi-automated Simulation). We evaluated the usability of each tool.
• Training Modules for the Systematic Reviews Methods Guide

  AHRQ has produced training modules to familiarize new investigators with the methodological framework and guidance outlined in AHRQ's Methods Guide for Effectiveness and Comparative Effectiveness Reviews.