In 2010 the United Nation's Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (CEPAL) estimated that the indigenous populations across Latin America reaches around 45 million people, distributed unevenly through the region. Other sources as the Instituto Indigenista Americano, and the Inter-American development bank have similar calculations. This global number of indigenous peoples is integrated by over 400 ethnic groups or communities, as stated by a publication on indigenous groups Mexico's National University. Mexico and Peru have the highest concentration of indigenous people, reaching 17 million and 7 million respectively (about 15.1% and 24% of the entire population). In smaller countries, or countries with smaller indigenous populations as Costa Rica and Paraguay, it has been estimated that the indigenous population is around 100,000 people. These populations have been historically underrepresented in national statistics, and have also endured marginalization and oppression. This section of the guide provides users resources that serve as entry points to begin their research.
                    
        
            Cultura política indígena : Bolivia, Ecuador, Chile, México
        
                    
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            Los pueblos indígenas de México: 100 preguntas
        
                    
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                    A large variety of resources on indigenous population from this region are available at the library. These include indigenous communities from Mexico, contemporary and colonial Central America, and the Caribbean. Includes several resources accessible online.
                    
        
            La medicina tradicional de los tacana y machineri : conocimientos prácticos de las plantas medicinales
        
                    
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                    Additional resources at the library about indigenous communities in the Amazon are available here.
                    
        
            Casa-grande y senzala : introducción a la historia de la sociedad patriarcal en el Brasil
        
                    
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            El chamán de los cunaguaros : viaje por el mundo indígena venezolano
        
                    
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            Hacia una prehistoria de Sudamérica : culturas tempranas de los Andes Centrales y de Patagonia
        
                    
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            Historia del Jujuy indígena : identidad, cultura y recursos naturales
        
                    
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            La colonización de la Patagonia y la cuestión indígena
        
                    
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                    Resources on communities in the south cone, are available at the library. These include a large variety of material concerning the Mapuche communities in Chile, indigenous communities from northern Argentina, communities from Patagonia in Argentina and Chile, and communities from Uruguay and Paraguay.
Through the Library's subscription to Kanopy streaming, all University community has access to a set of films and documentaries on Latin American Indigenous communities. This collection includes films on cultural traditions, archeological vestiges, territories and landscapes of native communities, changes and conflicts related with indigenous communities, among others. These films showcase a broad range of Latin American countries, including Mesoamerica and the Caribbean, and South America