It can be difficult to determine how to access scholarship, let alone use the databases that can you direct you to it. On this page, you will find the databases and bibliographies most suitable for your research in literature and its allied fields.
Simply decide which database meets your needs. The tabbed box for each database walks you through each of the databases, how they work, and what you should do when you locate an item of interest.
For all other databases associated with English Literature, please visit A-Z Databases. Select the "Subject" most closely affiliated with your research or learning needs to discover relevant databases.
Alternate version: MLA International Bibliography in the classic EBSCO user interface (best for exporting more than 50 results or combining saved searches).Indexes critical materials on literature, languages, linguistics, and folklore. Proved access to citations from worldwide publications, including periodicals, books, essay collections, working papers, proceedings, dissertations and bibliographies.
General and possibly useful article databases
Alternate version: Academic Search Ultimate in the classic EBSCO user interface (best for exporting more than 50 results or combining saved searches). A scholarly, multidisciplinary database providing indexing and abstracts for over 10,000 publications, including monographs, reports, conference proceedings, and others. Also includes full-text access to over 5,000 journals. Offers coverage of many areas of academic study including: archaeology, area studies, astronomy, biology, chemistry, civil engineering, electrical engineering, ethnic & multicultural studies, food science & technology, general science, geography, geology, law, mathematics, mechanical engineering, music, physics, psychology, religion & theology, women's studies, and other fields.
Multi-format Databases--includes primary and secondary sources
Gale Suite of Literary Criticism Databases
ABELL provides access to over 800,000 monographs, periodical articles, critical editions of literary works, book reviews, and collections of essays that have been published globally from 1920 to the present. Additionally, unpublished doctoral dissertations are covered from the years 1920-1999. Most items in ABELL are in English.
ABELL includes:
The easiest way to search ABELL is through keywords, title keywords, or by subject. You may refine or broaden the search as much as you'd like by adding additional keywords, authors, or subject matter. If you know specific details about what you're looking for, you may type those in as well.
To refine your search, you may limit your results. This includes specifying a publication year (or range), the possibility of limiting your search to articles, books, reviews, or a combination of all three, and limiting by subject, keywords, and other details. For example, below I've searched for reviews of Pride and Prejudice, specifying that I want reviews specifically regarding Jane Austen's work.
As you can see, my search yielded 80 results. If I wanted to, I could go through those 80 entries and decide which ones I like, by creating a Marked List that I can save for future use.
Accessing content through ABELL is relatively simple. It's important to know, however, that ABELL does not provide full-text access. Instead, you must click the Discover Full Text button, which can be found below each entry.
Clicking on Discover Full Text will open another window that looks like this:
This page is how you will access the text you searched for. In this case, you can access the full text through JSTOR, Oxford University Press Journals, and I can see if the library holds any print copies. By clicking on either the JSTOR or Oxford University Press Journals icon, you can now access the document.
The MLA International Bibliography directs you to information about:
Languages
The majority of citations indexed by MLA are in English. But at least seventy other languages represented, including French, Spanish, German, Russian, Japanese, Portuguese, Norwegian, and Turkish.
Dates of Coverage
The MLA contains citations from 1926 to the present.
Search the MLA International Bibliography
Before looking for articles and other scholarly materials, it is important to define terms that will help you get the best results. As you can see, you can input each of your search terms into its own search box. This enables you to use the database in order to find materials related to your search terms. The search depicted below will produce results related to "William Shakespeare" and "Comedy."
Search Fields
As you can see, you have the option of selecting a specific search field for each of your search terms. For instance:
(TI) Title: search this field if you are looking for known-items or items with your search terms in their title (e.g. "'Action Is Eloquence': The Staging of Thomas Kyd's Spanish Tragedy")
(AU) Author: search this field if you are looking for items by a particular scholar (e.g. Greenblatt, Stephen)
(SK) Primary Subject Work: the title of the work you are interested in researching (e.g. "The Revenger's Tragedy")
(SA) Primary Subject Author: the author of the work you are interested in researching (e.g. Tournier, Cyril)
(SU) Subjects -- All: search this field for controlled-vocabulary words, names, or phrases that describes what the item is about (e.g. "revenge tragedy," staging)
Learn to Use Facets
Using the facets provided by the MLA International Bibliography's platform can help you refine your search. Below the "Search Field," the database enables you to limit your search results in a variety of ways.
Limits are tools that enable you to focus on certain types of materials for your search based on specific categories and characteristics. Here are some of the most common ones you may use:
Exclude Dissertations: We strongly recommend that you check this box to exclude dissertations from your search: dissertations are tricky to use and best to leave out.
Limit by Publication Type: Use this to restrict your search to only one type of item such as Book, Book Article/Chapter, or Journal Article.
Limit by Language: Select "English" in this menu to limit your search to only English-language texts.
Limit by Peer Review: Check the box next to "Scholarly (Peer Reviewed) Journals" to search for only those items in scholarly journals.
Limit by Linked Full-Text: Check the box next to "Link Full-Text" to search for only items with full-text.
Limit by Publication Date: Type in the publication date limits for your search.
Examine Your Results
This search for "Shakespeare, William" and "Comedy" retrieved over 4,000 results. As you can see, this search limited results only to scholarly articles. It is important to analyze your results to make sure that the sources are indeed scholarly, to discover if you can access the full text, and to determine if you should refine your search terms to produce a more manageable number of results.
These results will include citation records for journal articles, books, and book chapters. Journal articles may or may not be available in full text--if they are, then you will see HTML full-text and PDF full-text icons, as seen in the above example. Citations for book chapters and books will not have full-text links, so to find them, click on the button to search all Library holdings.
More Search Tips
Using the Thesaurus
Using Subject Terms and General Subject Terms
Get What You Need
Now that we have a list of results, it's time to analyze them and determine which articles or other forms of scholarship best match our research needs. After finding an article that appears to correspond with your research question, click on the link to the open the record for the particular article. In this instance, I selected the second article, "Twinship and Marriage in The Comedy of Errors."
Analyze the Record
Now that we discovered an article that could be interesting, we need to get a little more information.
Full-Text Access
MLA is primary an index and contains only some full-text articles. If you need the full text of a citation that isn't available in the database, click on the Discover button icon to search all Library holdings for its location in another database and/or in the Library catalog. Doing so will enable you determine if you can access the full text of the article.
You can access the article online by clicking on the link for "Project Muse Premium Collection."
Unequaled Coverage of Key Subject Areas
Academic Search Ultimate offers access to resources cited in key subject indexes. The combination of academic journals, magazines, periodicals, reports, books and videos meets the needs of scholars in virtually every discipline ranging from astronomy, anthropology, biomedicine, engineering, health, law and literacy to mathematics, pharmacology, women’s studies, zoology and more.
Search Academic Search Ultimate
Before you begin searching ASU, it is a good idea to create an account. This will help you keep track of your searches, save important records, and organize your research more effectively.
To sign in to ASU, simply click on the "Sign In" link on the top right hand side of the interface. Once you have created your account, it is time to start searching. Finally, select the "Choose Databases" link next to "Academic Search Complete." This link is just above the search fields. This will enable you to include other Ebsco hosted databases to expand your search. Read through the descriptions associated with each database and select the additional relevant databases.
Once you have selected any additional databases that you would like to include in your search, it is time to get to work. In this case, I selected the MLA International Bibliography. After selecting the additional databases that you would like to include in your search, you will return to the main search page. Scrolling down the page, you will notice a variety of fields that you can use to refine your search. Input the appropriate information to find the type of information that you need.
I performed a search, using the keywords, "Rankine, Claudia" and "Lyric Poetry." I now have the option to analyze and refine my results in greater detail. I did not limit my results. So this search represents a rather broad search.
Learn to Use Facets
Using the facets provided by the MLA International Bibliography's platform can help you refine your search. Below the "Search Field," the database enables you to limit your search results in a variety of ways.
Limits are tools that enable you to focus on certain types of materials for your search based on specific categories and characteristics. Here are some of the most common ones you may use:
Exclude Dissertations: We strongly recommend that you check this box to exclude dissertations from your search: dissertations are tricky to use and best to leave out.
Limit by Publication Type: Use this to restrict your search to only one type of item such as Book, Book Article/Chapter, or Journal Article.
Limit by Language: Select "English" in this menu to limit your search to only English-language texts.
Limit by Peer Review: Check the box next to "Scholarly (Peer Reviewed) Journals" to search for only those items in scholarly journals.
Limit by Linked Full-Text: Check the box next to "Link Full-Text" to search for only items with full-text.
Limit by Publication Date: Type in the publication date limits for your search.
These facets also appear with a list of results.
The image below demonstrates how you can refine your results. Simply use the facets on the left side of your list of result to narrow down your results to more specific parameters.
Examine Your Results
Your results will include citation records for journal articles, books, and book chapters. Journal articles may or may not be available in full text--if they are, then you will see HTML full-text and PDF full-text icons, as seen in the above example. Citations for book chapters and books will not have full-text links, so to find them, click on the button to search all Library holdings.
The above image represents a search for "Rankine, Claudia" and "Lyric Poetry." Analyze your results to see what articles, books reviews, or other information sources best match your research interests or learning needs. Once you have determined what item you would like, click on the link associated with it. Below, you should notice a record for an item of interest. The article is "The Atlantic Ocean Breaking on Our Heads: Claudia Rankine, Robert Lowell, and the Whiteness of the Lyric Subject." This article corresponds with our search terms.
More Search Tips
Using the Thesaurus
Using Subject Terms and General Subject Terms
Get What You Need
Now that we have a list of results, it's time to analyze them and determine which articles or other forms of scholarship best match our research needs. After finding an article that appears to correspond with your research question, click on the link to the open the record for the particular article. The article is "The Atlantic Ocean Breaking on Our Heads: Claudia Rankine, Robert Lowell, and the Whiteness of the Lyric Subject." This article corresponds with our search terms.
Analyze the Record
Now that we discovered an article that could be interesting, we need to get a little more information.
Full-Text Access
In the case of this item, we can access the full text by clicking on the "Linked Full Text" option. If you need the full text of a citation that isn't available in the database, click on the Discover button icon to search all Library holdings for its location in another database and/or in the Library catalog. Doing so will enable you determine if you can access the full text of the article.
JSTOR provides access to more than 12 million academic journal articles, books, and primary sources in 75 disciplines.
We help you explore a wide range of scholarly content through a powerful research and teaching platform. We collaborate with the academic community to help libraries connect students and faculty to vital content while lowering costs and increasing shelf space, provide independent researchers with free and low-cost access to scholarship, and help publishers reach new audiences and preserve their content for future generations.
JSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a not-for-profit organization that also includes Artstor, Ithaka S+R, and Portico.
JSTOR offers rather robust support. Please visit https://support.jstor.org/hc/en-us to learn more about how it can help you.
Search JSTOR
With JSTOR, it is important to put your search terms in quotations. This will help the database find material that is directly related to your inquiry and will limit the results to a more manageable number. Also, we suggest that you select the "Advanced Search" option, which you can find by clicking the "Advanced Search" link under the search bar on the JSTOR homepage.
As you can see, we placed our search terms in quotation marks and can now "Submit Advanced Search." You can refine your search by selecting from any one of the facets that appear immediately below the Advanced Search field.
Learn to Use Facets
Using the facets provided by JSTOR platform can help you refine your search. Use the facets included below the "Refine Results" to limit your search results in a variety of ways.
As you should see, you can limit your results according to key terms within your results, academic content, publication date, as well as by subject.
Examine Your Results
This search for "Shakespeare, William" and "Comedy" retrieved many results. It is important to analyze your results to make sure that the sources are indeed scholarly, to discover if you can access the full text, and to determine if you should refine your search terms to produce a more manageable number of results. Let's look at some results to find an article that is related to our search.
We notice that two articles. But in fact, only the first result is an article. The result titled "Books Received" is not a scholarly journal article, though it does include scholarship recently received by Theatre Journal and may therefore be of some use. "Methinks you are my glass": Looking for "The Comedy of Errors" in Performance is an article that we might want. You can download the PDF directly from the results list. Or, you can click on the link to open the item record and any attached material.
Get What You Need
Now that we have a list of results, it's time to analyze them and determine which articles or other forms of scholarship best match our research needs. After finding an article that appears to correspond with your research question, click on the link to the open the record for the particular article.
As you can see, we can read the article in the JSTOR platform, download it as a PDF, and click on keywords associated with the article to discover additional scholarly material that may be of interest.
Analyze the Record
Now that we discovered an article that could be interesting, we need to get a little more information.
Project MUSE provides online access to full-text scholarly journals and books from university presses and scholarly societies. Over 700 journals from over 125 publishers are available, as well as over 60,000 books from over 100 publishers.
Coverage includes:
Search Project Muse
To perform a basic search, type your search term(s) into the box on the homepage.
You may also browse the various books, journals, and publishers available through Project MUSE. To do this, click on the Browse icon to the left of the search bar. It will bring you to a page that looks like this:
You have several options to refine your search. You may either filter your results after a basic search or use an advanced search. In this case, we're going to use the advanced search function. To find the advanced search, click the menu on the right-hand side of the homepage and select "advanced search."
The page will look like this:
On the left-hand side, I can refine my search in several ways. For example, if I'm looking for articles on Emily Dickinson, I can choose to specify what,I want to see in my results. In this case, I'm looking for Emily Dickinson and poetry. Another important thing to note is the accessibility of content.
You may further refine your search by language, research area, publication year, publisher, series, and journal.
If I do a basic search of Emily Dickinson, I get a lot of results.
To make the results more manageable, simply apply the filters on the left-hand side. In this case, let's say I'm looking for a journal article on Emily Dickinson's poetry. If I know the range of years I want articles from it even further refines my results. You may narrow or broaden your results as you please.
Get What You Need
After you've found the article, it's time to access it. To view the full text, simply click on the title of the result.
That will bring you to a page that looks like this:
You have several options for accessing the text. First, you may read the article online, as presented above. You may also download it as a PDF to save to your computer. Additionally, you can email it to yourself and even share it with other interested parties.
About ProQuest One Literature:
Developed in collaboration with faculty, scholars and librarians, this user-friendly, discipline-specific database provides an immersive destination to discover and analyze stories, essays, plays and criticism. ProQuest One Literature is ideal for literature students and scholars, and relevant across a spectrum of subject areas and disciplines.
Proquest One Literature Includes:
Basic Search:
Basic Search is a simple way to find what you are looking for in ProQuest One Literature. Basic Search searches across all content within the database. You can also click the buttons for Criticism, Primary Texts, Author Pages, Reference Works, Audio & Video, or Dissertations or Book reviews to focus your search to a specific content type.
If you’re searching for scholarly articles, reviews, books, and dissertations, select criticism. If you’re searching for original literary works, select primary texts. You can also search for specific author pages and reference works rather than browsing the carousels below.
Basic Search Example:
If you are interested in the Beat Generation, a basic search might look like this. One Literature’s auto-complete feature can help you select appropriate terms. If you are interested in learning about the topic more broadly, you might select the topic page on the right, which provides an overview, relevant authors, recommended reference works and more.
You can also use One Literature’s autocomplete feature to search for the Beat Generation as a subject.
Refine Search:
Our subject search for the Beat Generation returned more than one thousand results. The results are helpfully broken down into criticism, primary texts, and secondary sources. Criticism is primarily literature focused, while secondary sources are often interdisciplinary.
To reduce the number of materials we need to sift through, we can modify our search. You can use the side bar on the left-hand side of the page to limit by content type, publication date, title, language, and more. You can also click “Modify Search” at the top of the page if you’d like to further refine your search terms.
After some searching, I decide to narrow my search results to include only works where the subject is the Beat Generation AND Jack Kerouac.
Analyze Results and Access Content:
Our modified search for the Beat Generation and Jack Kerouac yielded 172 results. Now that we have a list of results, it's time to analyze them and determine which results best match our research needs.
After finding an article that appears to correspond with your research question, click on the link to the open the record for the particular article. In this instance, I selected the article, “Fleeing the City.” On the righthand side, you can see that the full text of this article is available.
Now that we discovered an article that could be interesting, we need to get a little more information.
After answering these questions and reading the abstract, you may decide that you’d like to read the full-text of this article. Through Proquest One Literature, you can often read the full text on the web page. If you prefer a different format, you can download the PDF at the top of the page. You can also cite, print, and email the content.
The Destination for Literary Research
Gale Literature Resource Center is Gale’s most current, comprehensive, and reliable online literature resource, offering the broadest and most representative range of authors and their works, including a deep collection of full-text critical and literary analysis for literary studies. The resource provides researchers with literary resources to support their literary responses, literary analysis, and thesis statements through a diversity of scholars and critics that ensure all views and interpretations are represented.
Researchers can find up-to-date analysis, biographical information, overviews, full-text literary criticism, and reviews on more than 130,000 writers in all disciplines, from all time periods, and from around the world. Gale Literature Resource Center brings together materials that support interdisciplinary approaches, information literacy, and the development of critical thinking skills. Researchers with a literature, history, arts, gender studies, or cultural studies focus can use this resource to analyze authors and works throughout time.
Search the Literature Resource Center
It is important to define terms that will help you get the best results. As you can see, you can input each of your search terms into its own search box. This enables you to use the database in order to find materials related to your search terms. The search depicted below will produce results related to "Faulkner, William."
There are several ways that you can search through the Literature Resource Center:
Person – by or about: Searches for items by or about a particular person.
Name of work: Search for materials about a particular work.
Keywords: Search for key terms in article/book title, abstract, subjects and first fifty words of the text.
All text: This option will search for the words anywhere in a document. Note: If you're looking for a famous quotation, enclose the quotation in "quotation marks" so that the database treats it as a phrase.
Advanced Search
Performing an Advanced Search allows you to refine your search. Use Boolean operators to craft searches that match your interests, or use the platform's facets to limit your search.
Person Search and Works Search
The Person Search and Works Search allow you to conduct highly focused searches: The Person Search will search by nationality, literary movement, genre, or place and time of death. This search is best used for finding all materials on a known author like Sherman Alexie or a grouping of authors, such as Native American short story writers. The Works Search, like the Person Search, allows you to search by type of work, the author's nationality, the publication year, or the original language. But remember that this database is NOT exhaustive.
Ordering Your Results
Unless you specify otherwise, the LRC will search multiple content types and arrange your results by Relevance in these divided categories:
Click on each tab to see the results in these categories. You can change the way your results are ranked, by clicking on the "Sort By" drop-down menu to choose Relevance, Publication Date, or Document Title.
Other Ways to Narrow Your Results
If you have too many results, use the right sidebar to narrow your results further. The white search bar at the top of the sidebar allows you to search again within your results. Alternatively, below the search bar is a list of linked Subjects: Click on a link to see the smaller set of results that match this subject. You can further specify the subject you're looking for by selecting results for Person, Name of Work, Author, Publication Title, or Document Type.
Topic Finder
Topic Finder takes the titles, subjects, and approximately the first 100 words from a subset of your top results and feeds them into an algorithm. Keywords shown in the graphics are those found most often in the text with your search term. This handy tool may help you to discover topics for research papers or introduce you to a variety of texts that are related to your search.
As you can see, Literature Resource Center provides access to a wide variety of information, including biographies and multi-media. Select the type of information that you need to refine your inquiry. In this instance, I limited my results to biographical content. However, you should decide what type of information best meets your research or learning need.
Get What You Need
Now that we have a list of results, it's time to analyze them and determine which articles or other forms of scholarship best match our research needs. After finding an article that appears to correspond with your research question, click on the link to the open the record for the particular article. In this instance, I selected the Literature Resource Center's biography of William Faulkner. This is a helpful result if you would like more information about Faulkner's life, examine his works, or would like to access a bibliography of relevant scholarship.
Gale Literature: Criticism
Gale™ takes literature, history and culture to the next level with the largest, most extensive compilation of literary commentary available: Gale Literature: Criticism. Imagine centuries of analysis - the scholarly and popular commentary from broadsheets, pamphlets, encyclopedias, books and periodicals - delivered in an easy-to-use 24/7 online format that matches the exact look and feel of the print originals.
The net result is tens of thousands of hard-to-find essays at your fingertips. It's all designed to raise the level of research while providing the around-the-clock remote access that today's researchers demand.
Search Literature Criticism
Are you looking for information about a particular topic, literary figure, or text? If so, you can use Literature Criticism. To perform a basic search, simply type in the search term in the search bar.
Advanced Search
Performing an Advanced Search allows you to refine your search. Use Boolean operators to craft searches that match your interests, or use the platform's facets to limit your search.
Topic Finder
Topic Finder takes the titles, subjects, and approximately the first 100 words from a subset of your top results and feeds them into an algorithm. Keywords shown in the graphics are those found most often in the text with your search term. This handy tool may help you to discover topics for research papers or introduce you to a variety of texts that are related to your search.
Now that you have entered a search, examine your results to see what items most closely match your research and learning needs. For example, Literature Criticism identifies nearly 1500 results related to William Faulkner. In addition, the resource provides topics associated with the author. These topics can be of broader interest and direct you to significant areas of inquiry.
Get What You Need
Now that we have a list of results, it's time to analyze them and determine which articles or other forms of scholarship best match our research needs. After finding an article that appears to correspond with your research question, click on the link to the open the record for the particular article. In this instance, I selected "William Faulkner: The Novelist as Oral Narrator."
Once you have selected an entry, simply click on the appropriate link to open the record and the item.
As you can tell, this is an abridged version of the longer article. We can use the UIUC Easy Search or a database (See "Databases to Get You Started") to locate the full length article.
Click on the link to the article in order to access it.