| Truncation |
Asterisk: *
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child* retrieves child, children, childbirth, childbearing, childish.
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| Wildcard (single character) |
Pound sign: # |
wom#n retrieves woman, women, womyn.
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| Wildcard (multiple caracters) |
Question mark: ? |
colo?r retrieves color, colour, colonizer, colorimeter.
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| Phrases |
Put phrases in quotation marks.
Default: AND operators between multiple words.
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"north pole" retrieves documents in which the words north and pole appear next to each other, in that exact order.
north pole (without quotation marks) retrieves documents that contain both words north and pole, regardless of where the words appear in the document.
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| Boolean operators |
AND, OR, NOT |
lincoln AND douglas retrieves only documents that contain both lincoln and douglas.
lincoln OR douglas retrieves documents that contain either lincoln or douglas.
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| Proximity operators |
Wn terms must appear within n words in the specified order.
Nn terms must appear within n words of one another, in any order.
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henry W1 thoreau retrieves documents that contain the phrases henry david thoreau or henry thoreau.
race N3 riot retrieves documents that contain the phrases race riot; race and riot in wartime LA; race, gender and riot; riot of 1921: race, reparations, and reconciliation; but also riot and the arms race.
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