This guide was written by Thom Jencks (MPAL Graduate Assistant in Spring of 2019) and revised by Monica Gil (MPAL Graduate Assistant in Fall of 2023).
Credit for organization and concept given to Katie Buehner, head of the Rita Benton Music Library at the University of Iowa. Check out her music citation guide for more information.
Welcome to the Music & Performing Arts Library (MPAL) guide to citing sources in performing arts research! Use the tabs to the left to navigate the guide by selecting the citation style you're using. You'll find an overview of citation rules for different types of resources with examples to help guide you.
On the left-hand side, you can navigate this guide by selecting "Chicago/Turabian", "MLA", or "APA" style. From there, you can choose which kind of work you would like to cite, such as a book, score, journal article, etc.
On each page is a list of different types of example items. The layout for each item follows a general pattern as shown in the example below:
1 This denotes the type of material of the examples. Select the appropriate tab for the specific type of example you need.
2 This is where you will find additional information that may help with citing a particular material type in that citation style.
3 This is an image of the specific example item, as well as a link either to the library's catalog or to an external site where the item can be accessed. Items from our catalog also include the call number so that you can locate them at the Library.
4 This is where you will find templates and examples of the various citation conventions for each material type.
5 This directs you to the specific sections of the Chicago/Turabian, MLA, and APA official style manuals, which you can reference for additional guidance. For those resources that are accessible online, the section titles have been hyperlinked.
Citations are an invaluable resource in scholarly writing. They...
Citing a source means that you show, within the body of your text, that you took words, ideas, figures, images, etc. from another place. Citations are a short way to uniquely identify a published work (e.g. book, article, chapter, web site). They are found in bibliographies and reference lists and are also collected in article and book databases.
Citations consist of standard elements, and contain all the information necessary to identify and track down publications, including:
Citations may look different depending on what is being cited and which style was used to create them.
Style Guides can help you make sure that you use grammar correctly and write in a clear style when writing your paper. They are invaluable resources to consult when writing. Chicago, MLA, and APA all have style guides that will help you with your writing as well as with citing your resources. Additionally, there are other style guides that can help you with your writing more broadly. Links to some examples are provided below.
For more help, check out the resources below!
This guide explains what plagiarism is, why it is a problem, and how to avoid it.
The Teaching, Learning, and Academic Support unit here at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign has a guide that can help you find and use various citation managers, learn more about each citation style, as well as help you avoid plagiarism.
The Writing Center at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign offers a Writers Workshop that can assist you with the writing process
Purdue's Online Writing Lab also features a guide that can help you with grammar and the writing process, as well as with writing citations in many different styles, as well as many other topics.